The Maryland Judiciary publishes 33 definitions of court terms beginning with P in its glossary of court terms, from Pardon to Purge

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Published glossary definitions (33 terms): Pardon, Parole, Peace Officer, Peace Order, Pending, Person, Petitioner, Petition for Expungement, Petty Offense, Plaintiff, Plea, Plea Agreement, Pleadings, Police Record, Post Conviction, Prayer for a Jury Trial, Preliminary Hearing, Preliminary Inquiry, Presentence Investigation Report (PSI), Presentment Before Grand Jury, Presumption, Pretrial Release, Prima Facie, Private Process Server, Probable Cause, Probation, Probation Before Judgment (PBJ), Procedural Law, Process, Prosecuting Attorney or Prosecutor, Public Defender, Public Record, Purge

Definition of the term

Pardon -- Relief from a conviction (full pardon) or from any further punishment imposed by a conviction (particular pardon) granted by an executive official (governor or president).; Parole -- A conditional release from imprisonment by a parole board that entitles the defendant to serve the remainder of the sentence outside of the prison as long as all of the conditions of release are met. (Compare Probation).; Peace Officer -- A person charged with the duty to enforce and preserve the public peace. (See: Huger v. State, 285 Md. 347, 353.); Peace Order -- An emergency form of relief or an order available to individuals who are experiencing problems with another person, including someone in a dating relationship, a neighbor, or a stranger.; Pending -- Cases that are awaiting further action.; Person -- Any individual, partnership, joint stock company, unincorporated association or society, municipal or other corporation, the State, its agencies or political subdivisions, or any other governmental entity.; Petitioner -- The person requesting the court's help.; Petition for Expungement -- A written request for expungement of Court and police records.; Petty Offense -- An offense the penalty for which does not exceed imprisonment for a period of three months or a fine of five hundred dollars.; Plaintiff -- A complaining party in a civil action.; Plea -- The defendant's formal answer to criminal charges. Typically defendants enter one of the following pleas: guilty, not guilty, or nolo contendere.; Plea Agreement -- Agreement between the prosecutor and the defendant to exchange a plea of guilty or nolo contendere for reduction in the charge(s) or leniency in sentencing.; Pleadings -- The formal allegations by the parties of their respective claims and defenses for the judgment of the court; in criminal matters, this includes a charging document.; Police Record -- All official records that a law enforcement unit, booking facility, or the Central Repository maintains about the arrest and detention of, or further proceeding against, a person for a criminal charge, a suspected violation of a criminal law, or a violation of the Transportation Article for which a term of imprisonment may be imposed. Not included are investigatory files, police work-product records used solely for police investigation purposes, or records pertaining to nonincarcerable violations of the vehicle laws of the State or of any other traffic law, ordinance, or regulation.; Post Conviction -- A procedure by which a convicted defendant challenges the conviction and/or sentence on the basis of some alleged violation or error.; Prayer for a Jury Trial -- Request of a defendant in certain cases to be tried by a jury.; Preliminary Hearing -- A hearing held in the District Court, unless waived by defendant, to determine whether there is probable cause to believe the defendant committed the offense(s); available when offense(s) charged are not within the exclusive jurisdiction of the District Court.; Preliminary Inquiry -- Pre-trial hearing to determine that the defendant has received a copy of the charging document and under-stands the offenses with which he is charged and the penalties thereof. The defendant is also advised of right to counsel, referred to the Public Defender, if eligible, and informed that further appearance in court without counsel is deemed to be a waiver of counsel.; Presentence Investigation Report (PSI) -- A confidential report ordered by the judge and produced by the division of parole and probation prior to sentencing, to provide background information (job, finances, family status, community ties, etc.) and prior criminal record of the defendant and, in certain cases, a victim impact statement.; Presentment Before Grand Jury -- Presentation of evidence, including testimony of witnesses, by the State's Attorney to the grand jury to establish probable cause that the accused committed the alleged offense and to seek issuance of an indictment.; Presumption -- An inference of the truth or falsehood of a proposition or fact that stands until rebutted by evidence to the contrary.; Pretrial Release -- The release by a judicial officer of a defendant, prior to trial, under conditions that the judicial officer feels will reasonably assure the defendant's appearance as required.; Prima Facie -- Evidence good and sufficient on its face.; Private Process Server -- An adult private person, not a party to a case, used to deliver a summons, subpoena, or other court order.; Probable Cause -- Information given to a judicial officer that is sufficient in itself to warrant the issuance of a charging document.; Probation -- A means of conditionally releasing an individual after trial.; Probation Before Judgment (PBJ) -- A conditional avoidance of imposition of sentence after conviction; failure to satisfy the terms and conditions may cause imposition of sentence after a finding of violation of probation. A defendant may plead not guilty and enter into an agreement with the State to accept a probation before judgment. The court may find facts justifying a finding of guilty beyond a reasonable doubt, defer entry of a conviction and place defendant on probation before judgment subject to reasonable conditions.; Procedural Law -- The method, established normally by rules, to be followed in a case; the formal steps in a judicial proceeding.; Process -- Any written order issued by a court to secure compliance with its commands or to require action by any person and includes a summons, subpoena, an order of publication, or a commission of other writ.; Prosecuting Attorney or Prosecutor -- A public officer whose duty is the prosecution of criminal proceedings on behalf of the citizens of the state; most often refers to a State's Attorney or Assistant State's Attorney but, for some crimes, can be the State Prosecutor or Attorney General.; Public Defender -- Counsel provided at public expense, primarily to defend indigent defendants in criminal cases.; Public Record -- A record maintained in a government office, such as a court record, available for inspection by the general public. (Compare Sealed, Shielded or Confidential Record).; Purge -- To cleanse or clear; eliminate inactive records from court files; with respect to a civil contempt, to curve the noncompliance that caused the contempt finding. (as published)

原データ更新日：2026-10-17
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出典・情報の根拠

• https://www.mdcourts.gov/reference/glossary ↗